Babys Heart Not in the Right Place Water in the Lungs

Dextrocardia is a condition in which the heart is pointed toward the right side of the chest. Normally, the middle points toward the left. The condition is present at nascency (congenital).

During the early weeks of pregnancy, the baby's heart develops. Sometimes, information technology turns then that it points to the right side of the chest instead of the left side. The reasons for this are unclear.

There are several types of dextrocardia. Many types involve other defects of the heart and belly area.

In the simplest type of dextrocardia, the heart is a mirror image of the normal heart and there are no other problems. This condition is rare. When this occurs, the organs of the belly and the lungs volition often also be bundled in a mirror image. For example, the liver will be on the left side instead of the right.

Some people with mirror-prototype dextrocardia have a problem with the fine hairs (cilia) that filter the air going into their olfactory organ and air passages. This condition is called Kartagener syndrome.

In the more than mutual types of dextrocardia, other middle defects are also present. The near mutual of these include:

• Double outlet right ventricle (the aorta connects to the right ventricle instead of to the left ventricle)
• Endocardial cushion defect (the walls separating all 4 chambers of the heart are poorly formed or absent)
• Pulmonary stenosis (narrowing of the pulmonary valve) or atresia (pulmonary valve does non class properly)
• Single ventricle (instead of 2 ventricles, there is a single ventricle)
• Transposition of the slap-up vessels (the aorta and pulmonary artery are switched)
• Ventricular septal defect (hole in the wall that separates the correct and left ventricles of the eye)

The abdominal and chest organs in babies with dextrocardia may be abnormal and may not work correctly. A very serious syndrome that appears with dextrocardia is called heterotaxy. In this condition, many of the organs are not in their usual places and may non work properly. For example, the spleen may be completely missing. The spleen is an important part of the allowed system, so babies built-in without this organ are in danger of astringent bacterial infections and death. In another form of heterotaxy, several pocket-size spleens exist, but they may not work correctly.

Heterotaxy may also include:

• Abnormal gallbladder organization
• Bug with the lungs
• Problems with the structure or position of the intestines
• Astringent eye defects
• Abnormalities of the blood vessels

Possible take chances factors for dextrocardia include a family unit history of the condition.

There are no symptoms of dextrocardia if the heart is normal.

Conditions that may include dextrocardia may crusade the following symptoms:

• Bluish skin
• Difficulty breathing
• Failure to grow and gain weight
• Fatigue
• Jaundice (yellowish skin and optics)
• Pale pare (pallor)
• Repeated sinus or lung infections

A complete mirror prototype dextrocardia with no center defects requires no treatment. It is important, however, to let the child's wellness care provider know the center is on the correct side of the breast. This information tin can be of import in some exams and tests.

The blazon of handling needed depends on the heart or concrete bug the infant may take in addition to dextrocardia.

If heart defects are present with dextrocardia, the baby will virtually likely need surgery. Babies who are very ill may need to have medicines before they can accept surgery. These medicines aid the infant grow larger so surgery is easier to perform.

Medicines include:

• Water pills (diuretics)
• Drugs that help the middle muscle pump more forcefully (inotropic agents)
• Drugs that lower blood force per unit area and ease the workload on the centre (ACE inhibitors)

The babe might also need surgery to correct problems in the organs of the abdomen.

Children with Kartagener syndrome will need repeated handling with antibiotics for sinus infections.

Children with a missing or abnormal spleen need long-term antibiotics.

All children with heart defects may need to take antibiotics before surgeries or dental treatments.

Babies with simple dextrocardia take a normal life expectancy and should have no problems related to the location of the heart.

When dextrocardia appears with other defects in the heart and elsewhere in the body, how well the baby does depends on the severity of the other problems.

Babies and children without a spleen may have frequent infections. This is at least partially preventable with daily antibiotics.

Complications depend on whether dextrocardia is part of a larger syndrome, and whether other bug exist in the trunk. Complications include:

• Blocked intestines (due to a condition chosen intestinal malrotation)
• Heart failure
• Infection (heterotaxy with no spleen)
• Infertility in males (Kartagener syndrome)
• Repeated pneumonias
• Repeated sinus infections (Kartagener syndrome)
• Death

Call your provider if your baby:

• Seems to get frequent infections
• Does non seem to proceeds weight
• Tires easily

Seek emergency care if your baby has:

• A bluish color to the pare
• Trouble breathing
• Xanthous skin (jaundice)

Some syndromes that include dextrocardia may run in families. If you have a family history of heterotaxy, talk to your provider before becoming pregnant.

There are no known ways to prevent dextrocardia. However, avoiding the apply of illegal drugs (peculiarly cocaine) before and during pregnancy may lower the run a risk of this problem.

Talk to your provider if you have diabetes. This condition may contribute to your chance of having a child with certain forms of dextrocardia.

Cyanotic centre defect - dextrocardia; Congenital centre defect - dextrocardia; Birth defect - dextrocardia

Park MK, Salamat M. Bedchamber localization and cardiac malposition. In: Park MK, Salamat Thou, eds. Park's Pediatric Cardiology for Practitioners. 7th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2021:chap 17.

Webb GD, Smallhorn JF, Therrien J, Redington AN. Built centre affliction in the adult and pediatric patient. In: Zipes DP, Libby P, Bonow RO, Mann DL, Tomaselli GF, Braunwald E, eds. Braunwald's Heart Disease: A Textbook of Cardiovascular Medicine. 11th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2019:chap 75.

Updated past: Thomas S. Metkus, MD, Banana Professor of Medicine and Surgery, Johns Hopkins Academy School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD. Also reviewed past David Zieve, Physician, MHA, Medical Director, Brenda Conaway, Editorial Director, and the A.D.A.M. Editorial team.

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Source: https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/007326.htm

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